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Ấn phẩmDeterminants of Access to Bank Credit for Agricultural Households in Vietnam(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Doan, Thanh HaThis study examines the determinants of access to bank credit for agricultural households in Vietnam. Although there have been many positive developments, there is still a big gap in the economy when agricultural and rural areas are compared with urban areas; many agricultural households are still living in poverty. With the assumption that the improvement of access to capital will help people escape from poverty to become rich, this paper provides evidence of determinants of access to bank credit, as well as the granted amount of credit capital for agricultural households. The data is collected from a survey of 1560 agricultural households , conducted in August 2013. The results show that the level of education of the householder, value of collateral, household income, householder experience and credit history, can affct access to bank credit.- Ấn phẩmEconomic Growth and Macro Variables in India: An Empirical Study(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Saba Ismail; Shahid AhmedThe research objective of this paper is to explore the empirical linkages between economic growth and foreign direct investment (FDI), gross fied capital formation (GFCF) and trade openness in India (TOP) over the period 1980 to 2013. The study reveals a positive relationship between economic growth and FDI, GFCF and TOP. This study establishes a strong unidirectional causal flw from changes in FDI, trade openness and capital formation to the economic growth rates of India. The impulse response function traces the positive inflence of these macro variables on the GDP growth rates of India. The study also reveals that the volatility of GDP growth rates in India is mainly attributed to the variation in the level of GFCF and FDI. The study concludes that the FDI inflws and the size of capital formation are the main determinants of economic growth. In view of this, it is expected that the government of India should provide more policy focus on promoting FDI inflws and domestic capital formations to increase its economic growth in the long-term.
- Ấn phẩmUsing Accounting Ratios in Predicting Financial Distress: An Empirical Investigation in the Vietnam Stock Market(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Vo, Xuan VinhFinancial distress prediction is an important and practical research topic for many stakeholders and has attracted extensive studies over the past decades. This paper investigates the challenging issue of fiancial distress in Vietnam by distinguishing “healthy” companies from “fiancially distressed” companies using a data sample of fims listed on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange. Employing the logistic regression model to predict fiancial distress with a unique data set, we characterize the determinants of fiancial distress in terms of fim accounting and fiancial ratios over the period from 2007 to 2012. The results indicate that fiancial ratios can be employed as an early warning of fiancial distress as fiancial ratios are signifiantly correlated with the probability of fim fiancial distress.
- Ấn phẩmUsing the Spatial Econometric Approach to Analyze Convergence of Labor Productivity at the Provincial Level in Vietnam(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Nguyen, Khac Minh; Pham, Anh Tuan; Nguyen, Viet HungThis paper employs the spatial econometric approach to undertake a research of labor productivity convergence of the industrial sector among sixty provinces in Vietnam in the period 1998-2011. It is shown that the assumption of the independence among spatial units (provinces in this case) is unrealistic, being in contrast to the evidence of the data reflecting the spatial interaction and the existence of spatial lag and errors. Therefore, neglecting the spatial nature of data can lead to a misspecification of the model. We decompose the sample data into the subperiods 1998-2002 and 2003-2011 for the analysis. Different tests point out that the spatial lag model is appropriate for the whole period of the sample data (1998-2011) and the sub-period (2003-2011), therefore, we employ the maximum likelihood procedure to estimate the spatial lag model. The estimation results allow us to recognize that the convergence model without a spatial lag variable and using ordinary least square to estimate has the problem of omitting variables, which will have impact on the estimated measure of convergence speed. And this problem dominates the positive effect of factors such as mobilizing factors, trade relation, and knowledge spillover in the regional scope
- Ấn phẩmThe Role of Diffrent Channels in Transmitting Monetary Policy into Output and Price in Vietnam(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Nguyen, Thi Thuy VinhThe paper investigates the mechanism of monetary transmission in Vietnam through diffrent channels - namely the interest rate channel, the exchange rate channel, the asset channel and the credit channel for the period January 1995 - October 2009. This study applies VAR analysis to evaluate the monetary transmission mechanisms to output and price level. To compare the relative importance of diffrent channels for transmitting monetary policy, the paper estimates the impulse response functions and variance decompositions of variables. The empirical results show that the changes in money supply have a signifiant impact on output rather than price in the short run. The impacts of money supply on price and output are stronger through the exchange rate and credit channels, but however, are weaker through the interest rate channel. The impacts of monetary policy on output and infltion may be erroneous through the equity price channel because of the lack of an established and well-functioning stock market.
- Ấn phẩmImprovement of Life Insurance Policyholders’ Protection Corporation with Emphasis on Consistency with the Vietnamese Market(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Hideya Kubo; Nguyen, NgaWhat is needed for the Life Insurance Policyholders’ Protection Fund in Vietnam is to review and improve its system so that it is consistent with any anticipated changes of the insurance market in Vietnam, by taking advantage of the experience of the Life Insurance Policyholders’ Protection Corporation in Japan where large scale bankruptcies have occurred in series. More specifially, the key points are: (i) introducing a scheme where contract transfer is proceeded with even in the event that no savior insurance company steps forward, and placing emphasis on the indemnifiation of coverage-based insurance products in which the market is expected to grow, (ii) increasing the burden on policyholders of conventional deposit-based products, for example, a reduction of assumed interest rates, in an effrt to increase necessary fiancial resources, (iii) developing professionals who are specialized in evaluating the values of bankrupt insurance companies and (iv) promoting thorough information disclosure and validating the soundness index.
- Ấn phẩmSocial Capital in Rural Areas of Vietnam and Its Impact on Households’ Life Satisfaction(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Nguyen, Thi Tuong Anh; Tran, Quynh AnhUsing data of the Vietnam Access to Resources Household Survey 2014, with the participation of 3,648 households in rural areas of 12 provinces in Vietnam and two models: OLS regression and ordered logit, this paper studied the determinants of social capital in the rural area of Vietnam. Moreover, the paper also analyzed the impact of social capital on life satisfaction and risk coping strategies. Results of regression models confimed that social capital is the essential ingredient for the life satisfaction of the community and at the same time, social capital also has notable impacts on households’ post-risk recovery. In the relationship with the life satisfaction, all the variables representing social capital, except for general trust, positively affcted the growth of life satisfaction of households, aside from physical factors such as income. Therefore, social capital, along with economic growth, was the biggest factor that can help households increase their life satisfaction.
- Ấn phẩmDeterminants of Net Interest Margin of Commercial Banks in Vietnam(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Hoang, Trung Khanh; Vu, Thi Dan TraThis study provides an insight into the determinants of net interest margin (NIM) of commercial banks in Vietnam during the recession period. We employ secondary data collected from published audited consolidated fiancial reports of Vietnamese commercial banks from 2008, the year marking the outbreak of the global fiancial crisis, to the end of 2012. Altogether, the data constitute 175 panel-data observations. The regression using the ordinary least squares method yields the result that operating expense, management quality, risk aversion, and infltion rate have a positive effct on NIM, while the banking sector’s market concentration affcts NIM negatively. Afterwards, some policy implications are derived from those fidings to mitigate and put NIM under control, so that the effiency of the fiancial intermediary system can be developed.
- Ấn phẩmCorruption and Remittances: Evidence from Around the World(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Muhammad Tariq MajeedThis study revisits the sources of corruption using panel data for 146 countries and contributes to the literature by analyzing the relationship between remittances and corruption with a particular focus on the analysis of the distribution of the dependent variable (corruption). In cross sectional and panel settings the author fids that a one standard deviation increase in the remittances variable is associated with an increase in corruption of 0.33 points, or 25 percent of a standard deviation in the corruption index. The author also investigates whether greater remittances consistently increase corruption among the most and least corrupt countries. Our results show that among the least corrupt countries, remittances do not appear to increase corruption but signifiantly promote corruption among most corrupt countries. Our fidings are robust for diffrent sample specifiations, for regional effcts and for alternative econometrics techniques.
- Ấn phẩmNon-Performing Loans: Affcting Factor for the Sustainability of Vietnam Commercial Banks(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Nguyen, Thi Minh HueNon-performing loans are becoming the main factor inflencing the sustainability of Vietnam’s fiancial system. In order to enforce the fiancial system in general and the banking system in particular, this study aims to examine the determinants of Non-performing Loans (NPLs) in the Vietnamese banking system. Particularly, four factors, including the lag of NPLs in the last year, Loans-to-Asset ratio, Total asset and the Dummy (state-owned or not) were observed and estimated by quantitative method Ordinary Least Square in order to declare the relationship between them and the rate of changes in NPLs. The results showed that the four factors (Growth rate of Loans, Total Assets of Banks, NPLs in the last year and the Dummy variable) actually helped the growth of NPLs in recent years. Further, some implications to the bank management are withdrawn.
- Ấn phẩmTrade Creation or Trade Diversion in ASEAN and ASEAN+6 FTAs: Trade Indicators Approach(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Tu, Thuy Anh; Le, Minh NgocThis paper makes use of two trade indicators, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Regional Orientation (RO), to evaluate the economic impacts of the ASEAN Free Trade Area (The) and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) on Vietnamese commodities at the Harmonized System (HS) 2-digit level. Several sectors in which Vietnam has revealed a comparative advantage, has benefied from the AFTA, and would continue to enjoy trade creation from the RCEP, are: Cereals (10), Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement (25), Rubber (40), Knitted or crocheted fabric (60), etc. More importantly, the result provides a list of commodities in which Vietnam has a comparative advantage and only experiences trade creation when participating in the RCEP. These are: Milling products, malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten (11), Vegetable plaiting materials, vegetable products not elsewhere specifid (14), Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal (44), etc. Findings also show commodities in which Vietnam has a comparative advantage; but are not well positioned in the RCEP market yet, e.g. Cereal, flur, starch, milk preparations and products (19) and Manmade staple fires (55). If suffient investment decisions and marketing strategies are applied to these commodities, they will well penetrate the RCEP market and bring trade creation and welfare improvement to Vietnam. Public and private investment should consider the above-mentioned commodities as targets to leapfrog the benefis of RCEP.
- Ấn phẩmThe Determinants of Merger Withdrawals’ Abnormal Returns in The Australian Market(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Nguyen, Thu Thuy; Dao, Thi Thu Trang; Truong, Huy HoangThis paper examines the abnormal returns in merger withdrawals in Australia, especially distinguishing the market response between private and public targets. We also study the determinants of those abnormal returns, including the method of payment and the impact of fiancial crisis periods. Using the event study method, we document that in the Australian context, the announced withdrawal of mergers involving private targets creates signifiantly negative valuation effcts in comparison with the valuation effcts in withdrawal of mergers involving public targets. We also fid that a fiancial crisis period strongly affcts abnormal returns of merger withdrawals. However, the method of payment does not have any impact on the abnormal returns.
- Ấn phẩmAbove-Average Debt Ratio and the Relationship with Return on Equity: The Case of the Vietnamese Listed Seafood Enterprises(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Nguyen, Thanh Lan; Phan, Hong MaiMany studies have presented the relationship between the leverage of fims and return on equity (ROE) in order to analyze how signifiant leverage has inflence on the ROE of enterprises. Exploring the data set from fiancial statements and annual reports of the Vietnamese listed seafood enterprises from 2009 to 2013, the paper aims to examine the determinants of these fims having a greater debt ratio than the average of the industry. In addition, the relationship between ROE and a fim’s leverage is analyzed by applying a fied-effcts regression. It can be found that fims having an above-average debt ratio have a lower ROE than their counterparts by 50.94%
- Ấn phẩmIntra-organizational Knowledge Transfer and Firm Performance: An Empirical Study of Vietnam’s Information Technology Companies(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Pham, Thi Bich NgocThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the limited previous research on intra-organizational knowledge transfer, by examining the impact of particular organizational factors (IT systems, organizational culture, organizational structure and incentive systems) on the process of knowledge transfer within IT companies in Vietnam and the relationship between the knowledge transfer process and its organizational performance. A survey of 36 companies out of 200 software companies in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city, targeted at 900 technical staff middle managers and top managers, was conducted. The study fidings, based on a sample response rate of 24 per cent, indicated that a culture of high solidarity, adaptability and collaboration was proved to have the strongest impact on the process of knowledge transfer and company performance. It was also found that a transparent and flxible incentive system motivated individuals to exchange and utilize knowledge in their daily work, that a high level of centralization and formalization hindered the flw of knowledge, and the effct of IT tools on the knowledge transfer process remained weak. Overall, the fidings of the study indicated that organizational factors and intra-organizational knowledge transfer processes have positive correlations with organizational performance.
- Ấn phẩmThe Moderator Effects of Switching Costs and Customer Expertise in the Satisfaction-Repurchase Intention Relationship for Mobile Telecommunication Services(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Ho, Huy TuuThis study discusses and tests the moderator role of monetary, time, effrt, social ties and relational switching costs and their interactions with customer expertise in the satisfactionrepurchase intention relationship for mobile communication services. The authors use survey data of 516 customers from the three largest mobile communication providers in Vietnam. A moderated regression is used to test the hypotheses of both two- and three-way interaction effcts on repurchase intention. The results show that monetary, time, effrt and social ties switching costs have a negative moderating effct, but relational switching costs have a positive moderating effct on the satisfaction-repurchase intention relationship. Furthermore, this study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence supporting three-way interaction effcts between satisfaction, switching costs and customer expertise on repurchase intention. Specifially, customer expertise reduces the moderating effcts of social ties and relational switching costs on the satisfaction-repurchase intention relationship.
- Ấn phẩmAudit Quality Diffrences Among Auditors: The Case of Hong Kong(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Tyrone M. Carlin; Nigel Finch; Tran, Manh DungAudits play a critical role in satisfying the public interest in strengthening accountability and supporting confience in fiancial reporting. Conventionally, audit quality is defied as a probability that fiancial statements are free from material misstatements. The existence of a positive relationship between audit fim size and audit quality has long been accepted in previous literature. This has resulted in numerous studies collecting evidence of diffrential audit quality relative to the size of audit fims, both large and small. Consequently, the conclusion has been asserted that larger audit fims produce a higher and more homogenous audit quality. The collapse of Arthur Andersen, however, has undermined the premise that large audit fims provide higher audit quality than smaller fims. This research investigates audit quality based on the extent of compliance levels with disclosure requirements pertaining to goodwill impairment of large listed Hong Kong fims in the third year transition to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The result found that audit fim identity appears to be a signifiant proportion of crosssectional variation, in which compliance levels and disclosure quality varied considerably among auditors.
- Ấn phẩmBilateral Trade Balance of Bangladesh with BRICS Countries: A Static Panel Data Analysis(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Nobinkhor KunduThis paper explores the phenomenon of gravity modeling to examine the crucial relationships between the trade balances of Bangladesh with BRICS countries. Specifially, the relative factors determining trade in the popular gravity model have effcts on the trade balance model. The trade balance depends on the relative GDP, relative per capita GNI, real exchange rate and importweighted distance proxies for transportation cost of the partner countries to the home country. Using standard panel data techniques during the 1991-2013 period, the model is empirically tested and the results show signifiant effcts of all the relative factors on the bilateral trade balance of Bangladesh in trading with BRICS countries. The robustness check of the model ensures the validity of the specifiation. The static panel data analysis explores the cross-country variations as well as the time-invariant country-specifi effcts on trade balance with heterogeneous economies and fids signifiant effcts of all relative factors on the trade balance of Bangladesh.
- Ấn phẩmDeterminants of Labor Force Participation of Older People in Vietnam(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2015) Giang, Thanh Long; Le, Thi LyAs the proportion of the older population (those aged 60 and over) keeps increasing quickly in Vietnam, issues related to older individuals’ labor market behavior have drawn a great deal of public attention. This paper aims to identify the determinants of the Vietnamese older people’s decision to be active in the labor force. We used data from the Vietnam Aging Survey (VNAS) in 2011 - the fist-ever nationally representative survey on older people - which comprised 2,789 respondents. We employed probit models and other statistical methods in order to ensure the validity of the results. The paper demonstrated that various individual factors (such as age and health status) and household-related factors (such as area of living) signifiantly contributed to older people’s decision about participating in the labor force. More interestingly, the effcts of the above factors were statistically and signifiantly diffrent for males and females and those living in urban and rural areas. To reach ‘active ageing’ in terms of work and income security, Vietnam should have some immediate and long-term solutions so to encourage the participation of older people in the labor force and improve their health and living conditions.
- Ấn phẩmDeterminants of Intra-Industry Trade for Vietnam’s Manufacturing Industry(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2016) Tran, Nhuan Kien; Tran, Thi Phuong ThaoThis study focuses on identifying the country-specifi determinants of intra-industry trade in the manufacturing sector between Vietnam and major trading partners using random effcts estimation. The results indicate that the extent of Vietnam’s intra-industry trade is positively correlated with average country size and average income levels, while it is negatively correlated with income inequality, distance, and trade imbalance. Those factors affct horizontal intraindustry trade (HIIT) and vertical intra-industry trade (VIIT) in the same way except for the effct of income inequality (DPCI) on VIIT with an unexpectedly statistically insignifiant impact. The coeffient of FTA is unexpectedly insignifiant in three estimations, indicating an ambiguous effct of the participation in regional economic integration schemes on the share of IIT, HIIT and VIIT.
- Ấn phẩmImpulse Buying’s Antecedents and Consequences in the Context of Vietnam, an Asian Transitional Economy(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2016) Nguyen, Tat Thanh; Nguyen, Thi Tuyet Mai; Nguyen, Trong KhangIn this study, we develop and test a full model examining several antecedents and consequences of impulse buying behavior for urban consumers in Vietnam, an Asian transitional economy. The hypotheses are empirically tested using survey data obtained from consumers in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. The results of structural equation modeling show support for most of our hypotheses. The fidings indicate that shopping enjoyment tendency and modern self are signifiant predictors of impulse buying, while traditional self is not found to have an impact on this buying behavior. Impulse buying is found to be positively related to customer satisfaction, and subsequently, to customer loyalty. The research fidings are discussed and implications for managers and policy makers are provided
- Ấn phẩmThe Impact of Domestic Remittances on Left-Behind Older People in Vietnam(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2016) Nguyen, Van Cong; Tran, Thi TrucIn the context of an insuffient social protection system the economic lives of older people, especially those living in rural areas, are greatly changed with socio-economic risks that are associated with the strong rural-urban mobility of younger generations. This paper aims to investigate the impacts on the economic well-being of old-age parents of domestic remittances, sent by their children who have migrated from rural to urban areas. Using data from the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey (VHLSS) in 2004, 2008 and 2012 with logistic regression models, we found that domestic remittances played an essential role in improving income/ expenditure per capita and reducing poverty rates of older people’s households. Domestic remittances also contributed to reduce Gini coeffients, which were calculated using both income and expenditure per capita.
- Ấn phẩmFactors Affcting the Use and Consequences of Management Accounting Practices in A Transitional Economy: The Case of Vietnam(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2016) Doan, Ngoc Phi AnhThis study seeks to help fil an important gap in the literature by investigating factors that have facilitated the use of management accounting practices (MAPs) in Vietnam - a transitional economy. Data were collected from 220 medium-to-large enterprises. Follow-up interviews were conducted with 20 accounting heads/vice heads to obtain further information and clarifiation. The quantitative data collected was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics (including t-tests and structural equation modeling), while the qualitative data was used to shed further light on the various relationships described by the quantitative analysis. This paper reveals that both decentralization and competition have a positive, signifiant inflence on the use of new MAPs except for the old ones. Consequently, the use of MAPs has a positive, signifiant inflence on enterprise performance.
- Ấn phẩmAn Application of the Data Envelopment Analysis Method to Evaluate the Performance of Academic Departments within A Higher Education Institution(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2016) Nguyen, Hoang Anh; Nguyen, Hong NgocThis paper aims to evaluate the effiency or the productivity of academic departments within a university using Data Envelopment Analysis. As an illustrative example, we investigate the performance of 57 departments of National Economics University (NEU) for three years, from 2013 to 2015. The data set consists of one input variable, which is the number of academic staff and three output variables in which the number of research hours is considered as research output and the number of graduates and teaching load are defied as teaching outputs. Particularly, the output-oriented CCR, BCC, and SBM model under both the CRS and VRS assumptions are applied in order to determine accurate degrees of effiency of individual departments and directions for performance improvement for less effient ones. The output-oriented radial Malmquist DEA model is also employed to make a comparative analysis of the productivity change of the departments over the period. The results reveal some clear policy-making implications for departments to adjust their development plan in an appropriate way.
- Ấn phẩmKnowledge Acquisition of Local Managers: Its Antecedents and Effctiveness(Kinh Tế Quốc Dân, 2016) Dao, Thi Thanh Lam; Nguyen, Anh LoiThe objectives of this article are to examine how expatriates and local managers of the subsidiaries of Multinational Corporations’ (MNCs), or joint ventures, interact to affct local managers’ learning; and to investigate how local managers’ knowledge acquisition from expatriates affcts their own performance. To achieve those objectives, the research utilises both quantitative and qualitative exploratory approaches. Data were collected from surveys and indepth interviews at 109 international joint ventures in Vietnam, including dyadic data from 68 local manager-expatriate duos. Through the survey, this research confims the hypothesis that expatriation fosters tacit knowledge transfer. It also suggests that receivers have a stronger impact on knowledge acquisition than providers. In addition, we fid that among various types of knowledge being transferred in expatriate-local manager interactions, only ‘acquired tacit professional’ knowledge affcts local managers’ performance.
